Marxists’ Internet Archive

Ernest Mandel

1923 – 1995

“The working class’s periodic upsurges into direct action create at the same time the conditions for resolving the crisis of the subjective factor, on condition that revolutionaries have been active in the movement for long enough, effectively enough and on a sufficiently wide enough scale. They must simultaneously aim to build new national revolutionary parties and a new International.” – The Reasons for Founding the Fourth International

Biography:

The Life and Struggles of Ernest Mandel, by Barry Weisleder (September 1995)

Contradictory states, by John Molyneux (September 1995)

Ernest Mandel: A Passionate Optimistic Marxist, by Anwar Shaikh (November 1995)

Jump to specific year:

1946 | 1947 | 1948 – 1949 | 1950 – 1953 | 1955 – 1963 | 1964 – 1965 | 1966 – 1967 | 1968 – 1969 | 1970 | 1971 – 1973 | 1974 – 1979 | 1980 – 1984 | 1985 – 1986 | 1987 – 1989 | 1990 – 1994

Works:

December 1945	Belgian Regime Bankrupt Official Figures Show
1946	Sectarianism and the Democratic Demands
22 February 1946	Belgian Stalinists and “Socialists” Block Election Victory of Workers
April 1946	Problems of the European Revolution
April–August 1946	Where Is the Soviet Union Going? (series)
1 April 1946	New Belgian Government Shaky
24 April 1946	Belgian Workers Face Wage Freeze
1 July 1946	Jewish Question Since World War II
1 July 1946	An Open Letter to the Editor of New International
5 July 1946	On the Opportunist Utilization of Democratic Slogans
Aug. 1946	The First Phase of the European Revolution
10 Aug. 1946	Labor Under the Kremlin Regime
15 Nov. 1946	The Conflict in Poland

1 January 1947	Draft Theses on the Jewish Question Today
1 January 1947	Shachtman Supports Adherence of Trieste to Italy
15 March 1947	Second Year of the Crisis in the Soviet Union
10 April 1947	Stalinism: How to Understand It and How to Fight It
June 1947	A. Leon (October 22, 1918–September, 1944)
July 1947	Leon Trotsky: The Man and His Work
Nov. 1947	From the ABC to Current Reading: Boom, Revival or Crisis?

5 July 1948	The Tito Affair and Stalinism
Aug. 1948	The True Testament of Trotsky
15 Sept. 1948	Marxism and Democracy
22 Sept. 1948	France Heads Toward a Decision
28 Sept. 1948	France Heads Toward a Decision (abridged by Joseph Hansen)
January 1949	Economic Trends in Eastern Europe
March 1949	Where Is Eastern Europe Going?
20 Sept. 1949	Purge of Soviet Culture
15 Dec. 1949	A New Stage of Struggle in Italy

1 May 1950	The Third Chinese Revolution: I. Origin and Significance of the Victory of Mao Tse-tung
10 Dec. 1950	The Third Chinese Revolution: II. Nature and Perspectives of the China of Mao Tse-Tung
April 1951	The Question of Stalinism? (Ten Theses)
10 June 1951	The Theory of “State Capitalism”
18 July 1951	First Balance Sheet of the Yugoslav Affair
July 1952	Eastern Europe Since 1950
Nov. 1952	Economic Problems of Transition Epoch: The Soviet Bureaucracy in the Mirror of Stalin’s Latest Work
Nov. 1953	Letter from Ernest Mandel to George Breitman
Nov. 1953	The Rise and Decline of Stalinism
Dec. 1953	Letter from Ernest Mandel to George Breitman

Aug. 1955	The Marxist Theory of Imperialism and its Critics
Oct. 1957	Prospects and Dynamics of the Political Revolution against the Bureaucracy
March 1958	The New Reform in Soviet Agriculture
Spring 1958	Sociology of the American Owning Class (book review)
Autumn 1958	The New Programme of the Jugoslav Communists
October 1958	The Industrialization of Backward Countries
January 1959	The USSR from the XXth to the XXIst Congress of the CPSU
Spring 1959	The XXIst Congress of the CP of the Soviet Union
Autumn 1959	The Colonial Revolution and the National Bourgeoisie (The Latin American Stalinists in the Footsteps of the Mensheviks)
Autumn 1959	A Liberal at a Loss in the XXth Century
December 1959	Marxism As Seen By Bourgeois Economists
1962	The marginalist theory of value and neo-classical political economy (extract from Marxist Economic Theory)
1962	30 Questions and Answers on the History of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (pamphlet)
1963	The Law of Value in Relation to Self-Management and Investment in the Economy of the Workers’ States
Feb. 1963	Crisis in the Common Market
Nov. 1963	An Answer to the Chinese Communist Leaders’ Defense of Stalin

1964	After Imperialism?
1964	The Economics of Neo-Capitalism
1964	On The Pablo Tendency
Summer 1964	Defend the Cuban Revolution
Fall 1964	Peoples Frontism in Ceylon: From Wavering to Capitulation
October 1964	A Right-Wing Tendency
1965	A Socialist Strategy for Western Europe
March 1965	Soviet Management Reform

March 1966	The 23rd Congress of the CPSU
Spring 1966	Reply to John McCormick on Soviet Management Reform
July 1966	De Gaulle’s Trip To Moscow
Sept. 1966	Defend Peace by Defending Vietnam and China
October 1966	Surplus Capital and Realization of Surplus Value (extended book review)
October 1966	Rebuttal
1967	An Introduction to Marxist Economic Theory (book)
January 1967	International Capitalism and “Supra-Nationality”
March 1967	The Labor Theory of Value and Monopoly Capitalism
April 1967	Yugoslav Economic Theory
May 1967	The Lessons Of Greece
October 1967	The OLAS Conference and the “Principles” of Paul-Henri Spaak

1968	The Centenary of Marx’s Capital
1968	Economics of the Transition Period
1968	Workers Under Neo-capitalism
January 1968	The Dollar Crisis
January 1968	The Kremlin Finally Considers the Counterrevolution in Indonesia
April 1968	Anibal Escalante, Mike Banda and Whitewash for the Kremlin
April 1968	The Dollar Crisis
April 1968	The Belgian Elections
20 July 1968	The Lessons of May 1968
10 Aug. 1968	Brief Analysis of Czech Crisis
21 Sept. 1968	The Revolutionary Student Movement – Theory and Practice (pamphlet)
Nov. 1968	On Workers’ Democracy
Nov. 1968	The rationale of the Czech tragedy
Dec. 1968	Revolutionary Upsurge in Europe
15 Dec. 1968	The Crisis of the International Monetary System
1969	Debate with Martin Nicolaus on US Imperialism: Ernest Mandel: Where Is America Going? Martin Nicolaus: The Universal Contradiction Ernest Mandel: The Laws of Uneven Development
1969	The New Vanguard
1969	The Social, Economic and Political Background of the Czechoslovak Crisis
1969	Why the Fourth International
Dec. 1968/January 1969	The Debate on Workers’ Control
1 June 1969	First Anniversary Statement to Black Dwarf
1 June 1969	The Inconsistencies of “State-Capitalism”
October 1969	Marxist Theory of the State (pamphlet)

1970	The Causes of Alienation
1970	The Economic Roots of American Imperialism
1970	Intellectuals and the Third World
1970	The Leninist Theory of Organisation (pamphlet)
1970	Revolutionary Strategy in the Imperialist Countries
1970	World Revolution Today – Trotskyism or Stalinism?
January 1970	Althusser corrects Marx
April 1970	Lenin’s Heritage
June 1970	The Changing Role of the Bourgeois University
Aug. 1970	The Mystifications of State Capitalism
Nov. 1970	The Strategic Orientation of the Revolutionists in Latin America (with Martine Knoeller)

1971	Imperialism and National Bourgeoisie in Latin America
1971	Rosa Luxemburg and German Social Democracy
1971	Trotsky in Exile
April 1971	The Leninist Theory of Organization
November 1971	The dialectic of growth
1972	Late Capitalism (book – extract)
June 1972	The Soviet Economy Today – Towards Capitalism or Socialism?
September 1972	The Driving Forces of Imperialism
October 1972	Letter to the PRT (Combatiente) (signed by Ernest, Livio, Pierre, Sandor, Tariq & Delphin)
November 1972	On the dialectic of nation and class struggle
1973	Ten Theses on the Social and Economic Laws Governing the Society Transitional Between Capitalism and Socialism
January 1973	In Defence of Leninism: In Defence of the Fourth International
Spring 1973	Value, Surplus Value, Profit, Prices of Production and Surplus Capital – A Reply to Geoff Hodgson
Spring 1973	Workers’ Control and Workers’ Councils
Feb. 1973	Some Fundamental Differences Between the PRT and the International Majority (signed by Ernest, Livio, Pierre, Sandor, Tariq & Delphin)
Sept. 1973	The Beginning of a Revision of Marxism

1974	Why They Invaded Czechoslovakia
May 1974	The Gulag Archipelago: Solzhenitsyn’s Assault on Stalinism and the October Revolution
May 1974	Woe to Revolutionists Who Make a Revolution Only Half Way
June 1974	EEC: The Common Market in Crisis
Summer 1974	Morrow on Spain
Summer 1974	Self-Management – Dangers and Possibilities
Autumn 1974	Some comments on H. Ticktin’s Towards a Political Economy of the USSR
October 1974	Petrodollars: An Arab and Iranian finance capital emerges
December 1974	The Generalized Recession of the International Capitalist Economy
1975	Liebman and Leninism
June 1975	The Recession and the Prospects for the International Capitalist Economy
20 July 1975	The Imperialist Defeat in Vietnam
December 1975	International Capitalist Economy – Waiting for the Upturn
1976	Revolutionary Strategy in Europe
1976	Trotskyists and the Resistance in World War Two
February 1976	The Common Market – at a snail's pace
June 1976	On the Current Stage of World Revolution
June 1976	Society Is Polluted Too (interview by Carl Gardner & Mandy Merck)
July 1976	East Berlin Conference: New Stage in the Crisis of Stalinism
November 1976	A Hesitant, Uneven, and Inflationary Upturn: The International Capitalist Economy
Jan. 1977	Speech at London Rally to Condemn Healyite Frame-up Campaign
20 Sept. 1977	East German Communist Denounces Bureaucracy
1979	Why The Soviet Bureaucracy is not a New Ruling Class
June 1979	First Comments on Nahuel Moreno’s The Revolutionary Dictatorship of the Proletariat

1980	Historical Materialism and the Capitalist State
October 1980	Making the Classless Society (letter)
January 1981	China – The Economic Crisis
Spring 1981	The Laws of Motion of the Soviet Economy
1982	Mandel on Althusser, Party and Class
1982	The Role of the Proletariat
1982	World Monetary Crisis
January 1982	The Debate Over the Character and Goals of the Russian Revolution
January 1982	Marx and the Crisis
January 1982	Post Scriptum to China – The Economic Crisis
January 1982	The Roots of the Polish Economic Crisis
June 1982	What prospects for a solution to the economic crisis
December 1982	In Defense of Permanent Revolution, A Reply to Doug Jenness
1983	Emancipation, science and politics in Karl Marx
March 1983	Vanguard Parties
2 April 1983	Social Democracy and Social Movements
December 1983	What Road for Antimissiles Movement?
19 April 1984	Pierre Frank is Dead (obituary)
April 1984	On the Workers and Peasants Government

1985	The Actuality of Socialism
1985	Dictatorship of the Proletariat and Socialist Democracy
1985	Marx, the Present Crisis and the Future of Labour
March 1985	“The US doesn’t control the historical process”
1986	The Place of Marxism in History (book)
24 Feb. 1986	Anatomy of a Split: Why the Australian SWP left the Fourth International
7 June 1986	A Tribute to George Breitman (obituary)
Sept. 1986	In Defence of Socialist Planning

April 1987	Bureaucracy and Commodity Production
1987	Message to Nahuel Moreno Funeral Ceremony
March 1988	The causes and consequences of Bukharin’s rehabilitation
Summer 1988	The Reasons for Founding the Fourth International
April 1989	Three-Phase Stalinism
11 July 1989	For the Beijing Commune – For the Political Revolution in China
Nov. 1989	Making Revolution: The Rebirth of East German Socialism
Nov. 1989	Trotsky’s conception of self-organisation and the vanguard party
Dec. 1989	Fifteen Years of Inprecor
1989	How To Make No Sense of Marx
1989	The Luck of a Crazy Youth (interview with Tariq Ali)
1989	Mandel on Broué: Understanding Trotsky
1989	The Marxist Case for Revolution Today

1990	A theory which has not withstood the test of facts
1990	Communism
1990	Karl Marx
1990	The Trotskyite View of Soviet Reforms
1990	Trotsky’s Economic Ideas and the Soviet Union Today
25 May 1990	Ernest Mandel and Gregor Gysi Debate in East Berlin!
15 July 1990	A Mild Case of Blind Factionalism
1991	The Roots of the Present Crisis in the Soviet Economy
January 1991	Ernest Mandel in Moscow
February 1991	Economic Consequences of the War
May 1991	Socialism and Individual Rights
July 1992	Socialism and the future
1992	“Don’t push porridge down throats!”
1992	The Irresistible Fall of Mikhail Gorbachev
1992	Why Keynes Isn’t the Answer
1992	Willy Brandt and Petra Kelly
Feb. 1993	Socialism or neo-liberalism?
October 1993	The Nature of Social-Democratic Reformism
November 1994	The Struggle for World Socialist Revolution
Other sites of interest: The Ernest Mandel Internet Archive (Texts in English, Dutch, French & Spanish)
Marxist Writers’ Archive \| Encyclopaedia of Trotskyism